The Basic Laws of Human Stupidity

Originally conceived by Professor (economic history) Carlo Cipolla, U Cal.-Berekley, d.2000.

The first basic law of human stupidity
The second basic law
The third (and golden) basic law
Frequency distribution
The power of stupidity
The fourth basic law
The fifth basic law


The first basic law of human stupidity asserts without ambiguity that: 




Always and inevitably everyone underestimates